Alternative Methods of Distribution and Net Neutrality
For the past 30 years, professional musicians have relied heavily on record labels to promote and distribute their music. However, in dealing with major labels, artists are often forced to sign one-sided contracts that confer very little benefit to them relative to long-term costs. With the consolidation of radio stations and the payola scandals of the 1990s, the gap between major label and independent label artists widened further, with unsigned and 'indie' artists increasingly shut out of radio airplay. In the last 10 years, however, these barriers to distribution and promotion have been reduced by the emergence of digital music technology, and the Internet as the medium of distribution. Today this openness is under threat and the battle to preserve it could have serious consequences for professional musicians.
Additional Resources
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http://www.futureofmusic.org/contractcrit.cfm
For a more detailed description of major label contract terms see “Major Label Contract Clause Critique” available at
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http://www.performermag.com/IndieVSMajorContracts.php
A detailed explanation of indie contracts is available at
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http://www.futureofmusic.org/research/
For detailed information on payola see “Change That Tune: A Payola Education Guide for Musicians and Citizens” by Adam Marcus available at
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http://www.eff.org/wp/better-way-forward-voluntary-collective-licensing-music-fi...
A Better Way Forward: Voluntary Collective Licensing of Music File Sharing, available at
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http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/media/projects/dmx
Information on the Berkman Center’s voluntary collective licensing project is available at
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http://www.creativecommons.org
The Creative Commons website, at
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http://www.publicknowledge.org/content/papers/pk-net-neutrality-whitep-20060206
For a detailed analysis of net neutrality see “Good Fences Make Bad Broadband: Preserving an Open Internet Through Net Neutrality”, a Public Knowledge White Paper by John Windhausen Jr., available at
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http://www.publicknowledge.org/issues/network-neutrality
Other Public Knowledge resources on net neutrality, at
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http://www.futureofmusic.org
Future of Music Coalition website, at
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http://www.negativeland.com/albini.html
For an analysis of major label contracts see “The Problem With Music” an essay by Steve Albini, originally published in The Baffler Vol. 5 in 1993 available at
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